The small population of the Crusader Kingdoms contributed very little to the translation efforts, though Sicily, still largely Greek-speaking, was more productive. īy the 12th century, Toledo, in Spain, had fallen from Arab hands in 1085, Sicily in 1091, and Jerusalem in 1099. They also served as places of discussion for new ideas coming from new translations from Arabic throughout Europe. These universities gathered what little Greek thought had been preserved over the centuries, including Boethius' commentaries on Aristotle. By the 12th century, however, scholastic thought was beginning to develop, leading to the rise of universities throughout Europe. Excepting a few persons promoting Boethius, such as Gerbert of Aurillac, philosophical thought was developed little in Europe for about two centuries. After Charlemagne's death, however, intellectual life again fell into decline. There was a brief period of revival, when the Anglo-Saxon monk Alcuin and others reintroduced some Greek ideas during the Carolingian Renaissance. Only a few monasteries had Greek works, and even fewer of them copied these works. For centuries, ancient Greek ideas in Western Europe were all but non-existent. Augustine had little interest in exploring philosophy, only applying logic to theology. Jerome, for example, was hostile to Aristotle, and St. Many Christian theologians were highly suspicious of ancient philosophies and especially of the attempts to synthesize them with Christian doctrines. 1114–87), who is said to have made his way to Toledo, well after its reconquest by Christians in 1085, because he Īrrived at a knowledge of each part of according to the study of the Latins, nevertheless, because of his love for the Almagest, which he did not find at all amongst the Latins, he made his way to Toledo, where seeing an abundance of books in Arabic on every subject, and pitying the poverty he had experienced among the Latins concerning these subjects, out of his desire to translate he thoroughly learnt the Arabic language. A typical story is that of Gerard of Cremona (c. The combination of this accumulated knowledge and the substantial numbers of Arabic-speaking scholars there made these areas intellectually attractive, as well as culturally and politically accessible to Latin scholars. These areas had been under Muslim rule for a considerable time, and still had substantial Arabic-speaking populations to support their search. Latin translations of the 12th century were spurred by a major search by European scholars for new learning unavailable in western Europe at the time their search led them to areas of southern Europe, particularly in central Spain and Sicily, which recently had come under Christian rule following their reconquest in the late 11th century.
Here is the Nuremberg edition of John of Seville's translation, 1546. Albohali's De Iudiciis Natiuitatum was translated into Latin by Plato of Tivoli in 1136, and again by John of Seville in 1153.
0 kommentar(er)
